W. H. Auden (1907–1973) was born in York and grew up near Birmingham in a household deeply influenced by medicine, Anglo-Catholic faith, and a father’s library filled with psychology and mythology. He partly credited his love of language to church rituals and the Pennine landscape he explored as a boy—a rugged world of mines and moorland that often appeared in his poems throughout his life. He realized he wanted to be a poet at the age of thirteen when a school friend asked if he wrote poetry, and to his surprise, he acknowledged that he did.
He studied English at Christ Church, Oxford, where he discovered Old English poetry through J. R. R. Tolkien's lectures and mingled with a group that included Louis MacNeice, Stephen Spender, and Cecil Day-Lewis. After spending time in Berlin from 1928 to 1929—where he first faced the political unrest that would characterize the following decade—he returned to Britain and taught in boys’ schools for five years. His first collection, Poems (1930), published by Faber and Faber at T. S. Eliot's urging, introduced a significant new voice: technically skilled, politically aware, and formally adventurous.
“During the 1930s, Auden collaborated on plays with Christopher Isherwood, worked on documentary films, traveled to Iceland and China, and briefly visited Spain during the Civil War.”
He gained recognition as the leading left-wing poet of his generation, although he was beginning to feel uneasy with that label. In January 1939, he and Isherwood sailed to New York. This departure was perceived in Britain as a form of desertion, which tarnished his reputation there for years.
Once in the United States, Auden's work underwent a significant transformation. He rejoined the Anglican Church in 1940, and his long poems of the 1940s—including "For the Time Being" and "The Sea and the Mirror"—began to address religious and existential themes. His 1947 long poem The Age of Anxiety won the Pulitzer Prize and encapsulated the postwar sentiment. He became an American citizen in 1946, settled in Manhattan, and later acquired a farmhouse in Kirchstetten, Austria, where he spent his summers with his long-time partner, Chester Kallman.





