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Prompt 01

Essay task

AP LiteratureIB Language & LiteratureCommon Core Ela

In Topdog/Underdog, Suzan-Lori Parks uses the three-card monte con game as a key metaphor to delve into themes of identity, power, and the repetitive cycle of oppression. Write a well-structured argumentative essay in which you argue that the roles of the brothers as "topdog" and "underdog" are not static but are continuously changing, and that this fluidity ultimately mirrors the wider social and racial limitations that hinder Lincoln and Booth from breaking free from their predetermined destinies.

In your essay, be sure to

Suggested length: 4–6 paragraphs | Timed writing or take-home format

  • Craft a clear, defensible thesis that asserts how the shifting power dynamics between Lincoln and Booth function thematically.
  • Use specific textual evidence (dialogue, stage directions, key scenes) to bolster your argument.
  • Analyze how Parks utilizes dramatic structure, naming, and symbolism (e.g., the card game, the costumes, the inheritance) to support your claim.
  • Address the counterargument suggesting that one brother remains consistently dominant, and explain why the text complicates this perspective.
  • Conclude by linking the brothers' personal conflict to Parks's broader commentary on race, legacy, and the American Dream.

Prompt 02

Essay task

AP LiteratureIB Language & LiteratureCommon Core Ela

In Suzan-Lori Parks's Topdog/Underdog, the dynamics of "topdog" and "underdog" are fluid, constantly shifting between the brothers Lincoln and Booth through themes of power, performance, and deception.

Write a well-organized essay in which you argue how Parks uses the rivalry between the brothers and the motif of the con game (three-card monte) to delve into the cyclical nature of power and identity in America. In your essay, be sure to:

Support your argument with direct evidence from the text.

  • Identify and analyze at least two specific moments in the play that clearly illustrate the shifts in power between Lincoln and Booth.
  • Examine how performance and role-playing (including Lincoln's role as an Abraham Lincoln impersonator) serve as a commentary on race, identity, and social mobility.
  • Present a clear thesis about what Parks ultimately conveys regarding the possibility of escaping one's prescribed social role.

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