In your essay, be sure to:

• Introduce a clear, defensible thesis that discusses Ivan's character growth and the overarching theme of the novel.
• Use at least three pieces of textual evidence (quotes, scenes, or details) to back up your argument.
• Analyze how literary devices such as first-person narration, imagery, and symbolism (e.g., Ivan's artwork, the billboard, the enclosure) enhance the theme.
• Address a counterargument: some readers might argue that Ivan's transformation is solely due to his bond with Ruby rather than his own courage — challenge or nuance this perspective.
• Conclude by linking the theme to a wider human or universal experience.

Length

4–6 paragraphs (approximately 600–900 words)

In your essay, be sure to:

• Present a clear, arguable thesis that explores how Ivan's character growth illustrates the theme of freedom.
• Include at least three pieces of textual evidence (quotes or specific scenes) to back up your argument.
• Examine how literary devices such as first-person narration, imagery, and symbolism (for example, Ivan's drawings, the mall, Ruby the elephant) enhance the theme.
• Consider a counterargument: some readers may argue that Ivan's actions stem solely from his love for Ruby, rather than a quest for personal freedom. Acknowledge this perspective and provide a rebuttal.
• Wrap up by linking Ivan's journey to a larger universal message about captivity, choice, and living authentically.

Scoring Focus

Strength of thesis, use and analysis of textual evidence, counterargument, and clarity of writing.