In your essay, be sure to:

• Develop a clear, arguable thesis that takes a position on how Homer frames this tension.
• Draw on at least three specific episodes or passages from the epic (e.g., Achilles' withdrawal, the death of Patroclus, Hector's farewell to Andromache, Priam's supplication in Book XXIV) to support your argument.
• Analyze Homer's use of literary devices — such as epic similes, epithets, and dramatic irony — to convey his perspective on the heroic ideal.
• Address a counterargument: consider how a reader might argue that Homer celebrates rather than critiques the heroic code, and explain why your interpretation is more persuasive.
• Conclude by reflecting on the broader significance of Homer's message for understanding the human condition.

In your essay, be sure to:

• Introduce the heroic code of kleos and its cultural importance in ancient Greek society as portrayed in the epic.
• Analyze at least two key scenes or passages that show how Achilles' fixation on honor propels the plot toward tragedy (e.g., his decision to withdraw from battle, his reaction to Patroclus's death, his treatment of Hector's body).
• Examine how Homer employs other characters (e.g., Patroclus, Priam, Andromache) as contrasts or counterpoints to Achilles' unyielding quest for glory.
• Evaluate whether Homer ultimately supports, complicates, or challenges the heroic ideal by the end of the epic.
• Support your argument with direct textual evidence, including specific quotations and references to the text.

Length

4–6 pages (approximately 1,000–1,500 words)

Format

Standard academic essay with a clear thesis, body paragraphs structured around textual evidence, and a conclusion that brings together your argument. > Consider: Does Homer create a world where glory and grief are intertwined? What does the epic ultimately prioritize — honor, humanity, or both?

In your essay, ensure that you:

Your essay should reflect a close reading of the text and maintain a coherent argument throughout.

• Introduce a clear, defensible thesis that articulates your stance on how Homer presents this tension.
• Analyze at least three specific passages or episodes from the epic (such as Achilles' withdrawal, the death of Patroclus, and Priam's visit to Achilles' tent) as supporting evidence.
• Examine how Homer's narrative choices — including simile, epithet, and divine intervention — strengthen your argument.
• Acknowledge and refute at least one counterargument (like the idea that the poem ultimately glorifies martial achievements without ambiguity).
• Conclude by considering the broader human cost associated with the heroic ideal as depicted by Homer.