Prompt 01
Essay task
AP LanguageAP LiteratureCommon Core ElaUS History
Thomas Jefferson and the Founding Fathers crafted the Declaration of Independence as a logical and philosophical argument grounded in Enlightenment ideals. In a well-developed essay, explain how Jefferson employs the rhetorical strategies of ethos, pathos, and logos—along with the document's intentional structure—to convince both a domestic and international audience that the American colonies are not only justified but morally obligated to break away from British rule.
Requirements
- Formulate a clear, defensible thesis that goes beyond mere summary.
- Reference specific passages from the Declaration as textual evidence (e.g., the Preamble, the list of grievances, the concluding resolution).
- Examine how Jefferson's word choice, syntax, and appeals work in unison to strengthen the argument.
- Take into account the historical and political context: Who is the intended audience, and how does that influence the rhetoric?
- Address at least one counterargument and discuss how the document anticipates or counters it.
Guiding Questions to Consider
- Why does Jefferson begin with universal truths ("self-evident" claims) before detailing specific grievances?
- How does the phrase "a long train of abuses" serve a rhetorical purpose?
- What impact does the repeated parallel structure in the list of grievances have?
- In what way does the closing paragraph affirm the colonists' authority and legitimacy?
Suggested length
4–6 paragraphs (approximately 800–1,200 words)