The Annotated Edition
Envoi by Alfred Noyes
This clever little poem takes a jab at literary fame and the type of clever-sounding nonsense that often pretends to be profound thought.
- Poet
- Alfred Noyes
- Composed
- 1922 · Modernist
- Core theme
- Art
Study actions
§01Quick summary
What this poem is about
§02Themes
Recurring themes
§03Line by line
Stanza by stanza, with notes
Oh, if you get dizzy when authors write / (_My stars! / And you very well may!_)
Editor's note
Noyes begins by acknowledging the reader's confusion when faced with writers who turn common sense upside down. His parenthetical aside — delivered in a playful, gossipy tone — shows Noyes winking at us, admitting that this style of writing is indeed as perplexing as it appears. From the very first line, he's clearly on the reader's side.
That white is black and that black is white, / You should sit, quite still, in your chair and say:
Editor's note
The classic paradox "white is black and black is white" represents any trendy yet empty intellectual flip. The suggestion to sit "quite still" adds a touch of humor—it's a stance of someone opting out of the frenzy. The colon at the end cues the punchline that comes next.
It is easy enough to be famous now, / (_Puff--Puff! / How the trumpets blare!_)
Editor's note
The second stanza presents the poem's main point: fame in literature doesn't hold much value. The sound "Puff--Puff!" and the imagery of loud trumpets poke fun at the self-promotional noise surrounding trendy writers. It feels like a carnival, full of show but lacking real depth.
Provided, of course, that you don't care how, / Like the man who discovered the use of a chair.
Editor's note
This is the comic gut-punch. The requirement for quick fame is merely a lack of concern for integrity or originality. The ridiculous example — someone asserting they "discovered" how to use a chair — pushes the entire notion of contrarian literary cleverness to its logical extreme: claiming credit for something painfully obvious and presenting it as a groundbreaking insight.
§04Tone & mood
How this poem feels
§05Symbols & metaphors
Symbols & metaphors
- White is black / black is white
- A placeholder for any trendy paradox or contrarian statement that seems deep but is really hollow. It captures the clever trickery Noyes observes in the fashionable literary writing of his time.
- The trumpets
- The boisterous, self-satisfied clamor of literary promotion and hype fills the air. While trumpets are meant to herald royalty or significant occasions, here they signal nothing of genuine value, which is the irony.
- The chair
- The ultimate example of the absurd. Claiming to have "discovered" how to use a chair perfectly illustrates the ridiculousness of taking credit for ideas that need no brilliance whatsoever — just like Noyes believes some well-known writers are doing.
- Sitting still
- A calm, grounded approach to the whirlwind of literary trends. This is the reader's best defense: don't get caught up; just stay focused and think clearly.
§06Form & structure
Form & structure
- Rhyme
- ABAB CDCD
§07Historical context
Historical context
§08FAQ
Questions readers ask
What is Noyes making fun of in this poem?
He's poking fun at literary writers and critics who become famous for uttering clever-sounding phrases that are really just nonsense — that "white is black" paradox-spinning often hailed as genius. He’s also critiquing the hype machine surrounding these writers, the "trumpets" of publicity and praise.
What does "Envoi" mean as a title?
An envoi (or envoy) is a brief closing stanza or poem that traditionally wraps up a work, often summarizing it or directly addressing the reader. In this case, Noyes uses it as a title for a separate satirical piece—indicating that this is his final, dismissive take on literary pretension.
Who is "the man who discovered the use of a chair"?
He's not a real person; he's a character from a comic. The humor lies in the fact that the idea of "the use of a chair" is so ridiculously obvious that no one could genuinely claim it as a discovery. Noyes portrays him as the ideal example of someone who is praised for contributing nothing original.
Is this poem aimed at any specific writer?
Noyes avoids naming individuals, allowing the poem to serve as a general satire instead of targeting anyone specifically. However, it does reflect the tensions of early twentieth-century discussions between traditionalists like Noyes and modernists such as Eliot or Pound, whose writing Noyes considered overly complicated and pretentious.
What do the parenthetical asides do in the poem?
They establish a second voice—a chatty, conspiratorial tone that Noyes shares directly with the reader. Phrases like "My stars! And you very well may!" and "Puff--Puff! How the trumpets blare!" give the poem a conversational feel instead of a lecture, inviting the reader into Noyes's delight.
What is the poem's structure and does it matter?
The poem has a loose ballad-like structure, featuring a mix of longer and shorter lines, along with those parenthetical interruptions. This irregular, bouncy rhythm fits the comic tone just right—it captures the breathless, excited energy of literary hype, all while Noyes maintains a wry and controlled demeanor.
What does the poem say about fame?
It suggests that achieving fame is simple if you're willing to sacrifice your integrity. Noyes only asks that "you don't care how" — indicating you're open to saying anything, no matter how ridiculous, as long as it comes across as fresh and daring. It's a darkly humorous perspective on the nature of celebrity in the arts.
Is this poem serious or just a joke?
It's both. The delivery comes off as comic—with sound effects, exaggerated asides, and that ridiculous chair joke—but underneath it all lies a serious complaint about intellectual dishonesty and how the literary world often values performance over substance. Noyes cleverly uses humor to convey a genuine argument.
Citation
Cite this poem
MLA
Noyes, Alfred. "Envoi." 1922. Storgy, https://storgy.com/poems/envoi-alfred-noyes/.
APA
Noyes, A. (1922). Envoi. Storgy. https://storgy.com/poems/envoi-alfred-noyes/
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