The Annotated Edition
THE JAFFA AND JERUSALEM RAILWAY by Eugene Field
This comic poem humorously critiques the newly constructed Jaffa–Jerusalem railway, portraying it as an absurd intrusion of modern Western commerce into the historic Holy Land.
- Poet
- Eugene Field
- Themes
- art, freedom, identity
§01Quick summary
What this poem is about
§02Themes
Recurring themes
§03Line by line
Stanza by stanza, with notes
A tortuous double iron track; a station here, a station there;
Editor's note
Field opens with a dry catalog of railway equipment — track, locomotive, tender, patent vestibule — delivered in a tone reminiscent of a disinterested customs officer. The humor lies in the ordinariness of the items on the list: this modern assortment has found its way into the biblical Holy Land. The final couplet identifies the focus: a railway connecting Jaffa and Jerusalem.
Beware, O sacred Mooley cow, the engine when you hear its bell;
Editor's note
Field speaks directly to the animals and locals of the area, cautioning them about the true threats of modern rail travel—not the speed or steam, but the book salespeople and peanut vendors who take advantage of unsuspecting passengers. The mock-heroic 'beware' tone portrays train-car hustlers as real threats, which adds a humorous twist to the stanza.
And when, ah, when the bonds fall due, how passing wroth will wax the state
Editor's note
The final stanza moves from physical comedy to financial satire. Field suggests that the railway will fail to pay back its bonds, sparking outrage from Nebo to Nazareth. Mentioning the F.M.B.A. (Farmers' Mutual Benefit Association) and 'Sockless Jerry' Simpson — an actual populist politician from Kansas — firmly grounds the poem in the agrarian politics of 1890s America, humorously transplanted onto the Holy Land.
§04Tone & mood
How this poem feels
§05Symbols & metaphors
Symbols & metaphors
- The railway
- The train line represents Western commercial modernity intruding into a space rich with ancient religious significance. The hardware — buffers, switches, automatic brakes — is intentionally described in plain, straightforward language to highlight its stark incongruity.
- The peanut-boy and book-peddler
- These train-car vendors symbolize the small, unavoidable annoyances that accompany progress. Field humorously elevates them to the status of real threats, highlighting the irony — they are the actual dangers of modernity, rather than the locomotive itself.
- Sockless Jerry and the F.M.B.A.
- These real American populist figures, included in a poem about Palestine, represent the shared struggles of everyday people against corporate monopolies. Field suggests that wherever railways are built, the same financial battles inevitably arise.
§06Historical context
Historical context
§07FAQ
Questions readers ask
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