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The Annotated Edition

CHLOE by James Russell Lowell

Summary, meaning, line-by-line analysis & FAQ.

A speaker begs someone to let them go, glancing at the clock as it strikes six, a sign that the day has passed in a blur.

Poet
James Russell Lowell
The PoemFull text

CHLOE

James Russell Lowell

'Bid me not stay! Hear reason, pray! 'Tis striking six! Sure never day Was short as this is!'

Public domain

Sourced from Project Gutenberg

§01Quick summary

What this poem is about

A speaker begs someone to let them go, glancing at the clock as it strikes six, a sign that the day has passed in a blur. It's a lighthearted moment — someone struggling to break free from a person or place they clearly want to stay with. The humor lies in the fact that time seems to fly only because they've been so joyfully engaged.

§02Themes

Recurring themes

§03Line by line

Stanza by stanza, with notes

  1. 'Bid me not stay! / Hear reason, pray!

    Editor's note

    The speaker jumps in mid-conversation, clearly resisting someone who wants them to stay longer. The exclamations add a sense of urgency and humor—this is someone who realizes they *should* leave but secretly wishes they wouldn't have to. By using "pray" (short for "I pray thee") to address the listener, they politely yet firmly urge: *come on, be reasonable, let me go*.

§04Tone & mood

How this poem feels

Light, teasing, and affectionate. Lowell keeps everything breezy — there's no real distress here, just the playful urgency of someone who's lingered too long in a delightful place and is now pretending they need to leave. The poem's brevity reflects its subject: time that slips away before you even realize it.

§05Symbols & metaphors

Symbols & metaphors

The clock striking six
The chiming clock stands out as the only concrete detail in the poem — a clear marker of time that the speaker uses as a reason to leave. Yet, it subtly indicates just how engaged they've been: the arrival of six o'clock caught them off guard, which reflects how enjoyable the company was.
The short day
The speaker's remark that no day was ever so short serves as a backhanded compliment to Chloe. Days seem short only when we're happy. This idea is reflected in the poem's brevity—it wraps up almost before it even starts.
Chloe (the addressee)
Chloe is a classic pastoral name that has appeared in English poetry since the Renaissance, often representing a delightful, idealized companion. By choosing this name, Lowell connects the brief scene to a rich tradition of light-hearted love poetry, suggesting that the poem has a playful tone rather than a serious one.

§06Historical context

Historical context

James Russell Lowell (1819–1891) was a leading American poet in the nineteenth century, part of the New England literary circle that included figures like Longfellow, Holmes, and Whittier. He was also a critic, editor for *The Atlantic Monthly*, and later served as a diplomat. His poetry often reflects a serious engagement with political issues—he wrote passionately against slavery—but he also excelled in light, witty occasional verse. "Chloe" falls into that lighter category. The name Chloe is steeped in pastoral history: it appears in ancient Greek poetry, in works by Sidney and Marvell, and in numerous Restoration and eighteenth-century lyrics. By using this name, Lowell indicates that he's participating in a familiar tradition of charming yet trivial love poetry rather than aiming to make a significant statement.

§07FAQ

Questions readers ask

A speaker is attempting to leave—likely after meeting someone named Chloe—and is citing the clock striking six as their excuse to go. The humor lies in their exaggerated protests, making it obvious that they actually don't want to leave at all.

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