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Bobolink: If Lowell had a favorite bird, it was the bobolink, by James Russell Lowell

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This piece is a blend of prose and verse that celebrates the bobolink, a small songbird from North America that James Russell Lowell cherished more than any other.

Poet
James Russell Lowell
Themes
art, beauty, freedom
The PoemFull text

Bobolink: If Lowell had a favorite bird, it was the bobolink,

James Russell Lowell

although the oriole was a close competitor for his praises. In one of his letters he says: "I think the bobolink the best singer in the world, even undervaluing the lark and the nightingale in the comparison." And in another he writes: "That liquid tinkle of theirs is the true fountain of youth if one can only drink it with the right ears, and I always date the New Year from the day of my first draught. Messer Roberto di Lincoln, with his summer alb over his shoulders, is the true chorister for the bridals of earth and sky. There is no bird that seems to me so thoroughly happy as he, so void of all _arriere pensee_ about getting a livelihood. The robin sings matins and vespers somewhat conscientiously, it seems to me--makes a business of it and pipes as it were by the yard--but Bob squanders song like a poet." Compare the description in _Sunthin' in the Pastoral Line:_ "'Nuff said, June's bridesman, poet o' the year, Gladness on wings, the bobolink, is here; Half hid in tip-top apple-blooms he swings, Or climbs aginst the breeze with quiverin' wings, Or, givin' way to 't in a mock despair, Runs down, a brook o' laughter, thru the air." See also the opening lines of _Under the Willows_ for another description full of the ecstasy of both bird and poet. The two passages woven together appear in the essay _Cambridge Thirty Years Ago_, as a quotation. An early poem on _The Bobolink_, delightful and widely popular, was omitted from later editions of his poems by Lowell, perhaps because to his maturer taste the theme was too much moralized in his early manner. "Shelley and Wordsworth," says Mr. Brownell, "have not more worthily immortalized the skylark than Lowell has the bobolink, its New England congener."

Public domain

Sourced from Project Gutenberg

§01Quick summary

What this poem is about

This piece is a blend of prose and verse that celebrates the bobolink, a small songbird from North America that James Russell Lowell cherished more than any other. Lowell expresses, through his letters and poetry, that the bobolink sings not out of obligation but from sheer, uncontained joy — much like a true poet creates. It reads less like a single poem and more like a portrait of a man who saw in this bird the ultimate representation of creative happiness.

§02Themes

Recurring themes

§03Line by line

Stanza by stanza, with notes

  1. I think the bobolink the best singer in the world, even undervaluing the lark and the nightingale in the comparison.

    Editor's note

    Lowell starts with a striking and confrontational assertion: the bobolink outshines the lark and the nightingale — two birds celebrated by European poets for ages. He is staking a claim for American nature in opposition to the Old World tradition, asserting that the beauty found in New England deserves just as much admiration.

  2. That liquid tinkle of theirs is the true fountain of youth if one can only drink it with the right ears...

    Editor's note

    The bobolink's song is often called a "liquid tinkle" — a vibrant and refreshing sound that acts like the legendary fountain of youth, but it only works for those who truly know how to listen. Lowell connects the bird's arrival to his personal new year, turning it into a private ritual of renewal instead of just a date on the calendar.

  3. Messer Roberto di Lincoln, with his summer alb over his shoulders, is the true chorister for the bridals of earth and sky.

    Editor's note

    Lowell playfully dubs the bobolink "Messer Roberto di Lincoln," a mock-formal Italian title that's a fun twist on "Bob o' Lincoln," one of the bird's folk names. By dressing him in a "summer alb" (a white liturgical robe), he transforms the bobolink into a priest or choirmaster, overseeing the union of earth and sky, suggesting that the bird blesses the season.

  4. The robin sings matins and vespers somewhat conscientiously, it seems to me--makes a business of it and pipes as it were by the yard--but Bob squanders song like a poet.

    Editor's note

    Here is the heart of the piece. The robin is a dedicated worker, singing on schedule like a monk keeping to his routine. The bobolink, on the other hand, *squanders* song — he tosses it out recklessly and generously, without a thought for the cost. That word "squanders" carries a lot of weight: it captures what a true poet does, offering more than what's needed, driven by an overflow of emotion.

  5. 'Nuff said, June's bridesman, poet o' the year, / Gladness on wings, the bobolink, is here;

    Editor's note

    This verse from *Sunthin' in the Pastoral Line* uses a New England dialect, grounding the bird in the familiar and ordinary rather than elevating it. Referring to the bobolink as "June's bridesman" ties back to the earlier wedding imagery. The phrase "Gladness on wings" captures the essence of the bird's significance in a way that Lowell rarely expresses.

  6. Half hid in tip-top apple-blooms he swings, / Or climbs aginst the breeze with quiverin' wings,

    Editor's note

    The physical image here is both vivid and tender: the bird partially concealed by blossoms, rising into the wind with quivering wings. Lowell isn’t merely romanticizing; he has clearly observed this bird with care. The dialect spelling ("aginst") adds a cozy, down-to-earth feel.

  7. Or, givin' way to 't in a mock despair, / Runs down, a brook o' laughter, thru the air.

    Editor's note

    The bobolink's tumbling, cascading song resembles a brook of laughter flowing through the air. The phrase "mock despair" adds a delightful nuance — the bird acts as if it's giving up and falling, but it's all in good fun. This reflects the earlier notion of squandering: the bird embodies a sense of abandon, and that very act is what the song represents.

§04Tone & mood

How this poem feels

Warm, celebratory, and subtly persuasive. Lowell passionately advocates — for this bird, for American nature, for a specific kind of joyful, unfiltered creativity — without coming across as preachy. His tone feels like that of someone who can’t help but share their love for the subject, and their enthusiasm is so contagious that you find yourself believing in it too.

§05Symbols & metaphors

Symbols & metaphors

The bobolink
The bird represents the ideal poet: someone who creates from genuine abundance rather than duty or careful calculation. Its song is overflowing, joyful, and freely offered — just as Lowell believed great poetry should be.
The fountain of youth
The bobolink's song is often likened to the famous fountain of youth, but according to Lowell, it only resonates with "the right ears." It represents renewal, accessible only to those who truly embrace the natural world.
The robin
The robin acts as a foil, representing careful, disciplined, and professional effort. It sings "by the yard," mocking poetry that may be technically sound but lacks emotional depth. This contrast highlights what Lowell appreciates in the bobolink.
The wedding / bridals of earth and sky
Spring is depicted as a marriage, with the bobolink acting as its officiant. This imagery connects the bird to themes of fertility, seasonal renewal, and the sacred union of the earthly and the celestial.
The brook of laughter
The bobolink's descending song resembles a brook—natural, unstoppable, and shaped by the landscape around it. Laughter introduces a sense of playfulness and freedom.

§06Historical context

Historical context

James Russell Lowell (1819–1891) was a poet, critic, and diplomat from Massachusetts who spent a significant part of his life in Cambridge, a place he cherished deeply. This piece draws from his letters and two of his longer poems—*Sunthin' in the Pastoral Line* (1862) and *Under the Willows* (1868)—both written during and after the Civil War years, a time when Lowell was also editing *The Atlantic Monthly*. He had a genuine obsession with the bobolink, a small blackbird known for its striking patterns and cheerful, metallic song that fills New England meadows in late spring. By favoring the bobolink over the European lark and nightingale, Lowell made a cultural statement, reflecting a broader 19th-century American movement to assert that the New World had its own natural wonders worthy of celebration in literature. Critic W. C. Brownell's comparison of Lowell to Shelley and Wordsworth, in terms of their skylark odes, firmly places him within that Romantic tradition of using birds as muses.

§07FAQ

Questions readers ask

The bobolink (*Dolichonyx oryzivorus*) is a migratory songbird from North America, famous for its unique, bubbling song that has an electronic quality. Lowell often heard this bird while wandering through the meadows of Cambridge, Massachusetts, and for him, it represented pure, effortless joy in creativity — a stark contrast to the obligations of formal poetry.

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