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The Annotated Edition

This line read originally: "There is no price set," etc. The next by James Russell Lowell

Summary, meaning, line-by-line analysis & FAQ.

This passage comes from a well-known part of James Russell Lowell's longer poem *The Vision of Sir Launfal*, where the narrator joyfully and almost breathlessly celebrates June in New England.

Poet
James Russell Lowell
The PoemFull text

This line read originally: "There is no price set," etc. The next

James Russell Lowell

line began with "And." 32-95. This rapturous passage descriptive of June is unquestionably the most familiar and most celebrated piece of nature poetry in our literature. It is not only beautiful and inspiring in its felicitous phrasings of external nature, but it is especially significant as a true expression of the heart and soul of the poet himself. It was always "the high-tide of the year" with Lowell in June, when his spirits were in fine accord with the universal joy of nature. Wherever in his poetry he refers to spring and its associations, he always expresses the same ecstasy of delight. The passage must be compared with the opening lines of _Under the Willows_ (which he at first named _A June Idyll_): "June is the pearl of our New England year. Still a surprisal, though expected long, Her coming startles. Long she lies in wait, Makes many a feint, peeps forth, draws coyly back, Then, from some southern ambush in the sky, With one great gush of blossom storms the world," etc. And in _Sunthin' in the Pastoral Line_ the coming of spring is delightfully pictured: "Our Spring gets everything in tune An' gives one leap from April into June," etc. In a letter written in June, 1867, Lowell says: "There never _is_ such a season, and that shows what a poet God is. He says the same thing over to us so often and always new. Here I've been reading the same poem for near half a century, and never had a notion what the buttercup in the third stanza meant before." It is worth noting that Lowell's happy June corresponds to May in the English poets, as in Wordsworth's _Ode_: "With the heart of May Doth every beast keep holiday." In New England where "Northern natur" is "slow an' apt to doubt," "May is a pious fraud of the almanac." or as Hosea Biglow says: "Half our May is so awfully like May n't, 'T would rile a Shaker or an evrige saint."

Public domain

Sourced from Project Gutenberg

§01Quick summary

What this poem is about

This passage comes from a well-known part of James Russell Lowell's longer poem *The Vision of Sir Launfal*, where the narrator joyfully and almost breathlessly celebrates June in New England. Lowell views June as the pinnacle of the year—a time when nature is vibrant and generous, almost like a gift that no one deserves. It reads more like a love letter to a season, penned by a man who truly felt his happiest when summer rolled around.

§02Themes

Recurring themes

§03Line by line

Stanza by stanza, with notes

  1. "June is the pearl of our New England year. / Still a surprisal, though expected long,"

    Editor's note

    Lowell begins by referring to June as a pearl — rare, glowing, and created over time. The twist is that even though everyone anticipates June's arrival, it still manages to feel surprising when it finally comes. This tension between what we expect and the sense of wonder fuels the entire passage.

  2. "Her coming startles. Long she lies in wait, / Makes many a feint, peeps forth, draws coyly back,"

    Editor's note

    June is depicted as a woman engaged in a game of hide-and-seek. Spring in New England is famously unpredictable — warm days disappear, and cold snaps make a comeback — so Lowell accurately captures that teasing nature. The term "feint" originates from fencing, lending the season a playful, almost mischievous vibe.

  3. "Then, from some southern ambush in the sky, / With one great gush of blossom storms the world,"

    Editor's note

    After all the teasing, June bursts onto the scene in a single overwhelming rush. The military terms — "ambush," "storms" — give the arrival a sense of conquest, but it's a joyful one. Warmth rolls in from the south, and suddenly everything blooms all at once.

  4. "Our Spring gets everything in tune / An' gives one leap from April into June,"

    Editor's note

    This couplet from *Sunthin' in the Pastoral Line* uses dialect to connect the observation to the everyday life in New England. The "leap" that skips straight over May is both funny and accurate—May in New England is famously chilly and hesitant, making June feel like it suddenly shows up out of nowhere.

  5. "Half our May is so awfully like May n't, / 'T would rile a Shaker or an evrige saint."

    Editor's note

    Hosea Biglow, Lowell's fictional Yankee farmer-poet, delivers the punchline in full dialect. "Mayn't" is a clever play on "mayn't" (may not), hinting that May isn’t behaving as it should. Even the most patient and serene folks — and the Shakers were famous for their calmness — would find New England's false spring a source of frustration.

§04Tone & mood

How this poem feels

The tone is exuberant and festive, with a hint of humor beneath the surface. When Lowell speaks in his own voice, the language feels rich and nearly worshipful—June is a natural force that captivates the senses. In contrast, when he adopts the Yankee dialect of Hosea Biglow, the tone becomes dry and endearingly funny. Together, they paint a picture of a poet who cherishes his home landscape with both passion and a playful sense of humor.

§05Symbols & metaphors

Symbols & metaphors

June
June represents the height of life—when everything feels vibrant, generous, and beautiful. For Lowell, it was truly his happiest time of the year, making this month a symbol of personal joy as much as a seasonal snapshot.
The pearl
Calling June a pearl suggests both rarity and value, as well as the slow and hidden process of a pearl's creation before it's uncovered. This idea implies that June's arrival, though anticipated, consistently feels like uncovering something truly precious.
The ambush
The military image of June launching an ambush from the south makes the season feel like a conquering force. It conveys the suddenness and completeness of the change—one day it's still cold, and then, just like that, summer has taken over.
The buttercup
Lowell himself acknowledged in a letter from 1867 that he had read his own poem for almost fifty years before grasping the meaning of the buttercup in the third stanza. It symbolizes the endless richness of nature — how the same poem, when revisited, always uncovers something fresh.

§06Historical context

Historical context

James Russell Lowell published *The Vision of Sir Launfal* in 1848, during a peak in his early creative powers. While the poem retells the Arthurian grail legend, its most memorable part is an extended lyric that joyfully celebrates June, breaking up the narrative and becoming one of the most quoted passages of nature poetry in nineteenth-century American literature. Lowell lived most of his life in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and the New England landscape had a profound influence on his imagination. He was also the first editor of *The Atlantic Monthly* and a Harvard professor, but readers cherished him most for this type of writing: personal, sensory, and tied to a specific place. The dialect poems featuring Hosea Biglow, his fictional Yankee farmer, provided him with a second voice—comic, down-to-earth, and equally fond of the same landscape.

§07FAQ

Questions readers ask

The main June celebration originates from *The Vision of Sir Launfal* (1848), a more extensive narrative poem by Lowell. This passage gained such popularity that it was frequently reprinted independently, giving it the impression of being a standalone poem. Lowell also discussed June in *Under the Willows* and in the dialect poem *Sunthin' in the Pastoral Line*, and this analysis references all three works.

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