The Annotated Edition
De Amicitiis by Eugene Field
A book-loving man relaxes in bed, surrounded by his cherished old volumes, and happily declares they are his dearest friends—better than wine, better than being with others.
- Poet
- Eugene Field
- Core theme
- Friendship
Study actions
§01Quick summary
What this poem is about
§02Themes
Recurring themes
§03Line by line
Stanza by stanza, with notes
Though care and strife / Elsewhere be rife,
Editor's note
The speaker begins by dismissing the troubles of the outside world. Nestled in bed with his books, he feels insulated from any chaos that might be happening beyond his bedroom. The vibe is instantly cozy and slightly smug—he’s well aware that he’s got the better situation.
Propped up in bed, / So much I've read
Editor's note
He's read so many old, dusty books that his head is crammed with ancient stories and poems. His wife's verdict — that these tales are "simply dreadful" — lands as a punchline, playfully highlighting the contrast between his enthusiasm and her indifference.
They give me joy / Without alloy;
Editor's note
Pure, unmixed joy—that's what books bring him. The only cloud on the horizon is a familiar one: he hasn't paid for all of them yet. The quick switch from a lofty appreciation of literature to a concerned look at the bill is the poem's first big laugh.
No festooned cup / Filled foaming up
Editor's note
He turns down the tavern and its fancy wine glasses. He believes books are sweeter than any drink. This is a familiar technique in poetry—placing one pleasure above another—but Field uses it to create warmth instead of lecturing.
A plague, I say, / On maidens gay;
Editor's note
He brushes off flirting with trendy young women as a waste of time. His books, wrapped in fine animal-skin covers, make for better companions than any "doll." The playful grumpiness in his tone prevents it from sounding bitter — he’s obviously enjoying himself.
At dead of night / My chamber's bright
Editor's note
The room is lit by a gas lamp, but Field introduces a second, metaphorical light: the glow of the past that emanates from the pages. "Beauty back from eld returning" — with "eld" referring to old age or antiquity — captures the poem's most genuinely lyrical moment.
Fair women's looks / I see in books,
Editor's note
The old books evoke images of stunning, dignified women from history and legend. Field juxtaposes these idealized figures with the "jades" (a slightly derogatory term for common or disreputable women) that men pursue in his time. He understands he's romanticizing the past.
Herein again / Speak valiant men
Editor's note
The books are filled with courageous men from all nations and centuries. The speaker listens, grinning as he turns the pages with delight. The word "musty" comes up often — he treasures these books *because* they’re old, not despite their age.
The sword, the lance, / The morris dance,
Editor's note
Here's a humanized version of the text: A lively list of topics he dives into: medieval combat, folk dancing, Scottish songs, and forest ballads. The phrase "My Miller grinds me grist that's gritty" nods to Chaucer's Miller's Tale — it's gritty, down-to-earth storytelling when he craves something with a little more edge.
When of such stuff / We've had enough,
Editor's note
After the adventure and the bawdy tales, he turns to philosophy—Plato and Epictetus. The jump from Chaucer to Greek philosophy in one breath highlights his extensive reading and his ease in navigating between such different genres.
Sneer as you may, / _I'm_ proud to say
Editor's note
He expects some mockery from those who see his bookishness as odd or antisocial, but he really doesn’t mind. He feels truly grateful to whatever force in the universe brought these "genial friends" into his life and kept the more unpleasant people away.
And when I'm done, / I'd have no son
Editor's note
He doesn’t want his books to be treated like spoils after he’s gone. Instead, he wants them to be mentioned on his epitaph and buried with him. This expresses both a joke and a genuine devotion—these books are as much a part of him as anything else.
Then, when the crack / Of doom rolls back
Editor's note
The final stanza delivers the poem's best joke. During the Last Judgment, as graves open, he intends to sneak his books back home — and the real twist is that his biggest worry is getting past his wife without facing a scolding. This conclusion brings a laugh while subtly emphasizing that his love for books is everlasting.
§04Tone & mood
How this poem feels
§05Symbols & metaphors
Symbols & metaphors
- The old books in vellum
- The books are more than just reading material; they are friends, companions, and the community the speaker has chosen for themselves. The vellum binding shows their age and worth, and the term "musty" is used fondly rather than negatively. They embody a rich world of human experience that the speaker values more than the reality outside his window.
- The gaslit chamber
- The bedroom, illuminated by a gas lamp, serves as the speaker's sanctuary. Field enhances this ambiance by introducing both the physical lamp and the metaphorical "glow of long ago" emitted by the books. The room transforms into a space where the present intersects with the distant past.
- The festooned cup of wine
- The decorated wine cup represents the traditional social pleasures that the speaker turns away from — drinking, mingling, and pursuing others. By rejecting it, he shows that his joys are found within himself and in solitude, and he embraces that completely.
- Burial with the books
- Asking to be buried with his books is both a humorous image and a sincere statement of identity. It conveys that these items are so integral to who he is that being apart from them, even in death, seems inappropriate. The joke about sneaking them past his wife at the Last Judgment adds a light touch, preventing the sentiment from feeling grim.
- The wife's disapproval
- The wife shows up twice — first, she calls his reading "simply dreadful," and then she takes on the role of someone he worries will scold him even after he's gone. She represents common, practical views, and her mild disapproval makes the speaker's love for his books seem even more stubborn and charming.
§06Form & structure
Form & structure
- Meter
- iambic trimeter
- Rhyme
- AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB AABCCB
§07Historical context
Historical context
§08FAQ
Questions readers ask
What does the title 'De Amicitiis' mean?
It's Latin for "On Friendships." Field took this from Cicero's well-known essay De Amicitia, which discusses human friendship. The humor lies in the fact that Field's poem is also about friendship, but his closest companions are his books rather than people.
Who is 'my Miller' in the ninth stanza?
This refers to the Miller from Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. The Miller's Tale is one of the raunchier stories in the collection—it's both earthy and funny. Field is expressing that when he seeks something a little rougher and more entertaining, he looks to Chaucer. "Grist that's gritty" suggests material that is raw and satisfying.
Who are Plato and Epictetus, and why does Field mention them?
Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, and Epictetus, a Stoic philosopher from the first century AD, represent the serious, philosophical side of Field's reading. These are the books he picks up when he wants to engage his mind rather than just be entertained. Including them alongside Chaucer highlights the diversity of his library.
Is the wife a real person or just a character?
Field was married to Julia Sutherland Comstock, and the personal details in his poems often reflected real life. While she may not have actually called his books "dreadful," the wife in the poem serves as a warm comic counterpoint — a voice of practical common sense contrasting with his bookish obsession.
What does 'without alloy' mean in the third stanza?
Alloy refers to a blend of metals — when you alloy gold, you combine it with a less expensive and less durable metal. "Without alloy" means it's pure, unmixed, and uncontaminated. The joy he gets from his books is untainted, strong, and wholly his own.
Why does he want to be buried with his books?
It's somewhat of a joke, but it also genuinely reflects his sense of identity. He’s expressing that these books are such an integral part of him that being separated from them is unimaginable. The last stanza takes the humor further, connecting it to the Last Judgment — he plans to sneak them home before his wife catches on.
What is vellum, and why does it matter that the books are bound in it?
Vellum is a premium material crafted from animal skin, often utilized for high-quality bookbinding and manuscripts. Books bound in vellum are both old and valuable—the sort that serious collectors treasure. By referring to them as "old friends in vellum," Field emphasizes that these are rare and beloved volumes, not just inexpensive paperbacks.
Is this poem meant to be funny or serious?
Both elements work together seamlessly. The humor is authentic—the unpaid bills, the wife's eye-rolls, the scheme to sneak books past St. Peter—but beneath it all lies a heartfelt passion for reading. Field isn't poking fun at bibliophiles; he is one himself, and the poem genuinely honors the significance books hold for those who truly cherish them.
Citation
Cite this poem
MLA
Field, Eugene. "De Amicitiis." Storgy, https://storgy.com/poems/de-amicitiis-eugene-field/.
APA
Field, E. (n.d.). De amicitiis. Storgy. https://storgy.com/poems/de-amicitiis-eugene-field/
Row A — Thesis
1 ptIn 'De Amicitiis,' Eugene Field constructs a speaker whose bookish devotion functions not merely as a hobby but as a complete alternative social world—one that quietly indicts the shallowness of conventional human society while celebrating …
- Row B — Evidence + Commentary4 pts
- Row C — Sophistication1 pt
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