CHOIR. by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

A brief poem by Longfellow takes its opening lines from a Latin monastic hymn, urging a choir — and, by extension, everyone — to rise during the night and watch together. It offers a gentle yet strong invitation to collective awareness and shared faith. The shortness is intentional: the call to wakefulness speaks for itself.

Solemn and communal. This piece doesn't delve into personal anguish or feature a lyrical "I" grappling with doubt — instead, it presents a clear, steady call. The tone resembles a liturgical chant, much like a cantor initiating the first note before the congregation joins in.

Longfellow wrote this poem in the mid-nineteenth century, a time when he was deeply immersed in European literary and religious traditions. He served as a professor of modern languages at Harvard and was fluent in Latin, Italian, French, German, and Spanish. The Latin epigraph is taken from the ancient Benedictine hymn *Nocte surgentes vigilemus omnes*, which is attributed to Saint Gregory the Great in the 6th century and is sung during Matins, part of the Divine Office’s night service. Throughout his career, Longfellow was drawn to choral and communal forms; this is evident in his work *Christus: A Mystery* and his translations of Dante. By simply titling the poem "Choir" and marking its section as "I," he presents it as the beginning of a larger devotional performance, inviting nineteenth-century American readers to connect with a tradition of communal worship that spans over a thousand years.