Q01of 10
The title 'Villa Franca' alludes to the 1859 armistice signed at Villafranca, which ended fighting between France and Austria. What effect does this historical setting have on the poem's central argument?
Q02of 10
The refrain ending each stanza concludes the final stanza with a changed last line: 'But surely God endures forever!' instead of 'The silent headsman waits forever.' What is the most significant effect of this change?
Q03of 10
In stanza three, Clotho mutters about Napoleon I on 'Saint Helen's granite,' and the vulture whets his beak. What does this imagery primarily convey?
Q04of 10
The speaker refers to Napoleon III as 'this second-hand Napoleon.' This phrase is best understood as expressing which of the following?
Q05of 10
Which of the following best describes the identity and function of the poem's speaker?
Q06of 10
In stanza five, the line 'The Cock that wears the Eagle's skin' is a metaphor. What does it most likely mean?
Q07of 10
The image 'Gutenberg's gun has the longest range' (stanza one) is an example of which technique, and what does it mean?
Q08of 10
The stanza about Gregory and Luther ('Neath Gregory's throne a spider swings') primarily addresses which theme?
Q09of 10
In the final stanza, the ship metaphor ('Smooth sails the ship of either realm') and the image of 'sharp-tusked reefs' building silently below convey what idea?
Q10of 10
What does Lowell mean by 'Venice is Austria's,--whose is Thought?' in the first stanza?
0 / 10 answered